Dados do Trabalho

Título

Spatial-temporal dynamics of schistosomiasis in Bahia state (2007-2022)

Introdução

Schistosomiasis is one of the 20 diseases listed by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease, and the state of Bahia ranks second in the Northeast of Brazil in terms of the number of cases, with municipalities classified as endemic or focal areas.

Objetivo (s)

This study aimed to evaluate areas of schistosomiasis persistence in the state of Bahia from 2007 to 2022.

Material e Métodos

The number of reported schistosomiasis cases to the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, by municipalities and years, as well as the population of each municipality reported in the 2010 National Population Census by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), composed the database for calculating the incidence of schistosomiasis per 100,000 inhabitants. Descriptive analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel 2018, local spatial autocorrelation analysis to identify clusters of cases using GeoDA 1.2, and median and annual incidence maps generated in QGIS 3.22.

Resultados e Conclusão

Two distinct periods with different incidences stand out. From 2007 to 2009, between 22% and up to 56% of the 417 municipalities in Bahia reported cases of schistosomiasis, with a median incidence of 154.97 cases and a maximum incidence of 28,354.00 cases in 2008. From 2010 to 2022, there was a decrease in both the percentage of municipalities (ranging from 20% in 2010 to 14% in 2022) and the incidence, which decreased from 15.32 cases in 2010 to 7.19 cases in 2022. Three municipalities reported positive cases every year, with Salvador, Irecê, and Nova Soure reporting accumulated incidences of 38.42, 203.99, and 430.89 cases, respectively. Cluster analysis showed areas of high median incidence in the Baixo-Sul region, especially from 2009 to 2013, comprising municipalities such as Camacan, Gongogi, Jussari, Potiraguá, Ipitanga, and Pau-Brasil. This region is characterized by the dominance of the Atlantic Forest and agricultural exploitation in areas with high humidity. Despite the decrease in cases and incidence, a thorough investigation of factors associated with the maintenance of high-incidence clusters and municipalities is necessary for the prevention and control of the spread of this infection.

Palavras-chave

Key-words: Schistossoma; spatial analysis; Moran index

Agradecimentos

Equipe LAC UEFS